Pigs in poor body condition were positively correlated with the feeding of swill alone. Pair-wise association revealed that the feeding of commercial feeds had a relationship with pigs in relatively good to very good body condition. The results showed that 58% farrowed ≤ 10 piglets/born/sow/litter, 44.2% practiced no weaning method and many fed swill and leftovers alone (41.6%). Data were obtained from 220 randomly selected small-holder pig farmers using a semi-structured questionnaire. The main aim of this study is to evaluate the current government agricultural intervention (supply of 10 sows and a boar) in terms of technical and economic feasibilities and ascertain whether the small-scale pig value chain system alleviates poverty. The majority of small-holder pig farmers in Mpumalanga had between 1- and 10-sow herds. Munzhelele, Priscilla Oguttu, James W Fasina, Folorunso O Is a 10-sow unit economically sustainable? A profitability assessment of productivity amongst small-holder pig farmers, Mpumalanga, South Africa. Therefore, it is recommended to focus future research on the potential role of socioeconomic factors associated with antibiotic use on pig farms. Factors associated (P 0.05) related to the on- farm use of antibiotics. Large farm repeatability for the use of antibiotics in the different years was found. Use of antibiotics varied between individual farms. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to investigate (1) producer associations: producer type, State, motivation to keep pigs, farm type, gender, years having owned pigs, and the acquisition of formal livestock qualifications and (2) pig associations: herd size, housing, management (husbandry and feeding) practices and biosecurity (including pig movement) practices. Specifically, management and on- farm biosecurity practices were assessed using an in-depth questionnaire. This study evaluated the practices of 104 producers (vendors who sold pigs and purchasers of live pigs for grow-out) who traded pigs at 6 peri-urban and rural saleyards in eastern Australia. Sound on- farm management practices and biosecurity protocols are the first line of defence against a potential on- farm disease outbreak. Facilities where animals from different origins are commingled, such as saleyards, pose a high risk for disease spread. Pigs are considered high risk for the introduction and spread of foot and mouth disease (FMD) in Australia. Schembri, N Hernandez-Jover, M Toribio, J-A L M L Holyoake, P K On- farm characteristics and biosecurity protocols for small-scale swine producers in eastern Australia. We conclude that there is high potential for using indigenous pigs in subsistence-oriented production systems and for crossbreeding of indigenous pigs with imported breeds in market-oriented systems. Market-oriented farmers ranked productive traits such as fast growth rate, good meat quality and decent litter size as most important selection criteria for pig breeding stock, while subsistence-oriented farmers ranked good meat quality first, followed by decent growth rate and by low feed costs. Diseases and parasites were more likely to be a constraint to pig production in subsistence-oriented systems, for households where the head was not staying at home and for older farmers.
Farmers in both production systems named diseases and parasites, followed by feed shortages, inbreeding and abortions as major constraints for pig production.
Ninety-three percent of subsistence-oriented and 82 % of market-oriented households kept indigenous pigs such as Windsnyer, Kolbroek and non-descript crosses with exotic pigs mainly for selling, consumption and investment. Data were collected from 186 small-scale subsistence-oriented households and 102 small-scale market-oriented households using interviews and direct observations. The objective of the study was to assess the potential of indigenous pigs for improving communal farmer's livelihoods and to inform policy-makers about the conservation of indigenous pigs.
Indigenous pigs in South Africa are a source of food and economic autonomy for people in rural small-scale farming systems. Madzimure, James Chimonyo, Michael Zander, Kerstin K Dzama, Kennedy Potential for using indigenous pigs in subsistence-oriented and market-oriented small-scale farming systems of Southern Africa.
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